What does Capex mean?

Capex (Capital Expenditure) refers to the funds that a company invests in the acquisition, improvement, or maintenance of physical or technological assets over the long term, such as machinery, buildings, equipment, or software.

These expenses are aimed at driving future growth, increasing productive capacity, or improving operational efficiency. Unlike operating expenses (Opex), Capex is capitalized on the balance sheet and depreciated/amortized over its useful life.

Typically, strategic teams such as Finance (budgeting and ROI analysis), Operations (technical or logistical needs), and Top management (approval of significant investments) are involved.

Capex is key in the strategic financial planning of companies, especially in asset-intensive sectors (manufacturing, telecommunications, energy). Proper management ensures long-term sustainability and competitiveness.